Further action to be taken at national level

- by governments, the private sector, non-governmental organisations and other actors of civil society:

Encourage the creation of training and legal literacy programmes which build and support the capacities of women's organisations to advocate for women's and girls' human rights and fundamental freedoms.

Encourage collaboration, where appropriate, among Governments, NGOs, grass-roots organisations and traditional and community leaders for the promotion and protection of all human rights and fundamental freedoms of women and girls, the dignity and worth of the human person and equal rights for women and men.

Encourage co-operation between governmental authorities, parliamentarians and other relevant authorities and women's organisations, including NGOs, as appropriate, in ensuring that legislation is non-discriminatory.

Provide gender-sensitive training to all actors, including police, prosecutors and the judiciary, in dealing with victims of violence, particularly women and girls, including sexual violence.

Adopt a holistic approach to women's physical and mental health throughout the life cycle, take further measures to redesign health information, services and training for health workers in order to make them gender-sensitive, promote gender balance at all levels of the health-care system, and reflect women's perspective and right to privacy, confidentiality, voluntary and informed consent.

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Reinforce efforts to ensure universal access to high quality primary health care throughout the life cycle not later than 2015.

Review and revise national policies, programmes and legislation to implement the key actions for the further implementation of the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development adopted by the General Assembly at its twenty-first special session.

Strengthen measures to improve the nutritional status of all girls and women.

Review with the full participation of women and monitor the impact of health-sector reform initiatives on women's health and their enjoyment of human rights and ensure that reforms secure full and equal access to available, affordable and high-quality health care and services for all women.

Design and implement programmes with the full involvement of adolescents to provide them with education, information and appropriate, specific, user-friendly and accessible services, without discrimination, to address effectively their reproductive and sexual health needs ensuring that in all actions concerning children, the best interests of the child are a primary consideration.

Design and implement programmes to provide social services and support to pregnant adolescents and adolescent mothers, in particular to enable them to continue and complete their education.

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Give particular attention to developing and improving access to improved and new technologies and to safe and affordable drugs and treatments to meet women's health needs.

Develop and use frameworks, guidelines and other practical tools and indicators to accelerate gender mainstreaming, including gender-based research, analytical tools and methodologies, training, case studies, statistics and information.

Provide equal opportunities and favourable conditions for women of all ages and backgrounds on equal terms with men by encouraging their entry into politics and their participation at all levels.

Encourage the nomination of more women candidates for election to parliaments and other legislative structures, to increase their share and contribution in the formulation of public policy.

Develop and maintain consultative processes and mechanisms, in partnership with women's organisations to ensure that all women are fully involved in and informed about decisions that impact their lives.

Promote and protect the rights of women workers and take action to remove structural and legal barriers as well as stereotypical attitudes to gender equality at work, addressing gender bias in recruitment; working conditions; occupational segregation and harassment; discrimination in social protection benefits; women's occupational health and safety; unequal career opportunities and inadequate sharing, by men, of family responsibilities.

Promote programmes to enable women and men to reconcile their work and family responsibilities and to encourage men to share equally with women household and child-care responsibilities.

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Develop or strengthen policies and programmes to support the multiple roles of women in contributing to the welfare of the family in its various forms, which acknowledge the social significance of maternity and motherhood, parenting, the role of parents and legal guardians in the upbringing of children and caring for other family members.

Design, implement and promote family friendly policies and services.

Develop policies and programmes to enhance the employability of women and their access to quality jobs.

Take action to increase women's participation and to bring about a balanced representation of women and men in all sectors and occupations in the labour market.

Develop and/or strengthen programmes and policies to support women entrepreneurs.

Initiate positive steps to promote equal pay for equal work or work of equal value and to diminish differentials in incomes between women and men.

Encourage and support the education of girls in science, mathematics, new technologies, including information technologies, and technical subjects, and encourage women, including through career advising, to seek employment in high-growth and high-wage sectors and jobs.

Develop policies and implement programmes, particularly for men and boys, on changing stereotypical attitudes and behaviours concerning gender roles and responsibilities to promote gender equality and positive attitudes and behaviour.

Strengthen gender-awareness campaigns and gender equality training among women and men, girls and boys to eliminate the persistence of harmful stereotypes.

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Analyse and respond to the major reasons why men and women may be affected differently by the process of job creation and retrenchment associated with economic transition and structural transformation of the economy, including globalisation.

Promote gender-sensitivity and social responsibility of the private sector.

Strengthen or establish, where appropriate, national collaborative and regular reporting mechanisms, with the participation of NGOs, to monitor progress on the implementation of national policies, programmes and benchmarks for achieving gender equality.

Support the work of NGOs and community-based organisations in helping disadvantaged women in gaining access to financial institutions, in establishing businesses and other sustainable means of livelihood.

Take measures to enable all older women to be actively engaged in all aspects of life, as well as to assume a variety of roles in communities, public life and decision-making, and develop and implement policies and programmes to ensure their full enjoyment of human rights and quality of life, as well as to address their needs, with a view to contributing to the realisation of a society for all ages.

Design and implement policies and programmes to fully address specific needs of women and girls with disabilities, to ensure their equal access to education at all levels, including technical and vocational training and adequate rehabilitation programmes, to health care and services and employment opportunities, to protect and promote their human rights and, where appropriate, to eliminate existing inequalities between women and men with disabilities.

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